Experiments with metal shafts went through numerous phases. In 1924 the Union Components Company of Torrington, Connecticut, U.S., drew a seamless shaft of large-carbon metal which could be heat-taken care of and tempered. It had been authorised from the R&A in 1929 and considerably changed hickory during the early 1930s. https://arthurcipvb.pages10.com/catching-bream-fundamentals-explained-65231492